Steps in Constructing Problem-Solving Methods

We propose a general approach that explicates the construction process of problem solving methods (PSMs) employed in knowledge-based systems. As a key point we employ the notion of a competence theory of a problem solving method. Illustrations are taken from the diagnostic Cover-and-Differentiate method used in MOLE and from various forms of abductive diagnosis. It is then shown how a rational construction of problem solving methods results from successive conceptual refinement and operationalization steps with respect to the competence theory. Our proposed Specification-Conceptualization-Operationalization method for PSMs provides top-down support for method construction, starting from an informal problem statement to an operational inference structure suitable for knowledge-based reasoning. Also, it gives some clues as to how PSMs have to be indexed or annotated in a library of generic and reusable components, in order to support `bottom-up' or compositional modelling and design.

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